The Connection Between Handgrip Strength and Mortality/Morbidity

A List of References

Scherbov S, Spitzer S, Steiber N. 2022. “Thresholds for clinical practice that directly link handgrip strength to remaining years of life: estimates based on longitudinal observational data.” BMJ Open 2022;doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058489.

Mohamed-Hussein, Aliae A.R., Hoda A. Makhlouf, Zahraa I. Selim, and Waleed Gamaleldin Saleh. 2018. “Association between Hand Grip Strength with Weaning and Intensive Care Outcomes in COPD Patients: A Pilot Study.” Clinical Respiratory Journal 12 (10): 2475–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.12921.

Hu, Shan, Yeqing Gu, Zuolin Lu, Qing Zhang, Li Liu, Ge Meng, Zhanxin Yao, et al. 2019. “Relationship Between Grip Strength and Prediabetes in a Large-Scale Adult Population.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 56 (6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2019.01.013.

Manoy, Pacharee, Pongsak Yuktanandana, Aree Tanavalee, Wilai Anomasiri, Srihatach Ngarmukos, Thanathep Tanpowpong, and Sittisak Honsawek. 2017. “Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Quality of Life and Physical Performance in Osteoarthritis Patients.” Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9080799.

Legrand, Delphine, Bert Vaes, Catharina Matheï, Wim Adriaensen, Gijs Van Pottelbergh, and Jean Marie Degryse. 2014. “Muscle Strength and Physical Performance as Predictors of Mortality, Hospitalization, and Disability in the Oldest Old.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 62 (6): 1030–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12840.

Victor, R G, S L Pryor, N H Secher, and J H Mitchell. 1989. “Effects of Partial Neuromuscular Blockade on Sympathetic Nerve Responses to Static Exercise in Humans.” Circulation Research 65 (2): 468–76. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.65.2.468.

Duchowny, Kate A., P. J. Clarke, and M. D. Peterson. 2018. “Muscle Weakness and Physical Disability in Older Americans: Longitudinal Findings from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study.” Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging 22 (4): 501–7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24802886/.

Dodds, Richard M., Holly E. Syddall, Rachel Cooper, Michaela Benzeval, Ian J. Deary, Elaine M. Dennison, Geoff Der, et al. 2014. “Grip Strength across the Life Course: Normative Data from Twelve British Studies.” PLoS ONE 9 (12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113637.

Martien, Sofie, Christophe Delecluse, Filip Boen, Jan Seghers, Johan Pelssers, Ann Sophie Van Hoecke, and Evelien Van Roie. 2015. “Is Knee Extension Strength a Better Predictor of Functional Performance than Handgrip Strength among Older Adults in Three Different Settings?” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 60 (2): 252–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2014.11.010.

Hogrel, Jean-Yves. 2015. “Grip Strength Measured by High Precision Dynamometry in Healthy Subjects from 5 to 80 Years.” BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 16 (1): 139. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-015-0612-4.

Alley, Dawn E., Michelle D. Shardell, Katherine W. Peters, Robert R. McLean, Thuy Tien L. Dam, Anne M. Kenny, Maren S. Fragala, et al. 2014. “Grip Strength Cutpoints for the Identification of Clinically Relevant Weakness.” Journals of Gerontology – Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 69 A (5): 559–66. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu011.

Menant, J. C., F. Weber, J. Lo, D. L. Sturnieks, J. C. Close, P. S. Sachdev, H. Brodaty, and S. R. Lord. 2017. “Strength Measures Are Better than Muscle Mass Measures in Predicting Health-Related Outcomes in Older People: Time to Abandon the Term Sarcopenia?” Osteoporosis International 28 (1): 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-016-3691-7.

Celis-Morales, Carlos A., Donald M. Lyall, Jana Anderson, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Yu Fan, Uduakobong E. Ntuk, Daniel F. Mackay, Jill P. Pell, Naveed Sattar, and Jason M.R. Gill. 2017. “The Association between Physical Activity and Risk of Mortality Is Modulated by Grip Strength and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Evidence from 498 135 UK-Biobank Participants.” European Heart Journal 38 (2): 116–22. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw249.

Singh, Devinder K.A., Zahara A. Manaf, Noor Aini M. Yusoff, Nur A. Muhammad, Mei Fang Phan, and Suzana Shahar. 2014. “Correlation between Nutritional Status and Comprehensive Physical Performance Measures among Older Adults with Undernourishment in Residential Institutions.” Clinical Interventions in Aging 9: 1415–23. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S64997.

Rantanen, T, P Era, and E Heikkinen. 1994. “Maximal Isometric Strength and Mobility among 75-Year-Old Men and Women.” Age and Ageing 23 (2): 132–37. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/23.2.132.

Peterson, Mark D., Kate Duchowny, Qinqin Meng, Yafeng Wang, Xinxin Chen, and Yaohui Zhao. 2017. “Low Normalized Grip Strength Is a Biomarker for Cardiometabolic Disease and Physical Disabilities among U.S. and Chinese Adults.” Journals of Gerontology – Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 72 (11): 1525–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx031.

Wu, Yili, Weijing Wang, Tianwei Liu, and Dongfeng Zhang. 2017. “Association of Grip Strength With Risk of All-Cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Cancer in Community-Dwelling Populations: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 18 (6): 551.e17-551.e35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.03.011.

Dodds, Richard Matthew, Helen Clare Roberts, Cyrus Cooper, and Avan Aihie Sayer. 2015. “The Epidemiology of Sarcopenia.” Journal of Clinical Densitometry 18 (4): 461–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2015.04.012.

Kim, Yeo Hyung, Kwang Il Kim, Nam Jong Paik, Ki Woong Kim, Hak Chul Jang, and Jae Young Lim. 2016. “Muscle Strength: A Better Index of Low Physical Performance than Muscle Mass in Older Adults.” Geriatrics and Gerontology International 16 (5): 577–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12514.

Lim, Jun Pei, Mei Sian Chong, Laura Tay, Yu Xin Yang, Bernard P. Leung, Audrey Yeo, Suzanne Yew, Cher Heng Tan, and Wee Shiong Lim. 2019. “Inter-Muscular Adipose Tissue Is Associated with Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Poorer Functional Performance in Central Adiposity.” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2018.11.006.

Christiansen, Thomas Lykke, Imran Khan Niazi, Kelly Holt, Rasmus Wiberg Nedergaard, Jens Duehr, Kathryn Allen, Paul Marshall, Kemal S. Türker, Jan Hartvigsen, and Heidi Haavik. 2018. “The Effects of a Single Session of Spinal Manipulation on Strength and Cortical Drive in Athletes.” European Journal of Applied Physiology 118 (4): 737–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3799-x.

Fritz, Nora E., Caitlin J. McCarthy, and Diane E. Adamo. 2017. “Handgrip Strength as a Means of Monitoring Progression of Cognitive Decline – A Scoping Review.” Ageing Research Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.01.004.

Newman, A B, V Kupelian, M Visser, E M Simonsick, B H Goodpaster, S B Kritchevsky, F A Tylavsky, S M Rubin, and T B Harris. 2006. “Strength, but Not Muscle Mass, Is Associated with Mortality in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study Cohort.” J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 61 (1): 72–77. https://doi.org/61/1/72 [pii].

Gaikwad, Nitin Rangrao, Sudhir Jagdishprasad Gupta, Amol Rajendra Samarth, and Tushar Hiralal Sankalecha. 2016. “Handgrip Dynamometry: A Surrogate Marker of Malnutrition to Predict the Prognosis in Alcoholic Liver Disease.” Annals of Gastroenterology 29 (4): 509–14. https://doi.org/10.20524/aog.2016.0049.

Gale, Catharine R., Christopher N. Martyn, Cyrus Cooper, and Avan Aihie Sayer. 2007. “Grip Strength, Body Composition, and Mortality.” International Journal of Epidemiology 36 (1): 228–35. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyl224.

Visser, Marjolein, Dorly J.H. Deeg, and Paul Lips. 2003. “Low Vitamin D and High Parathyroid Hormone Levels as Determinants of Loss of Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass (Sarcopenia): The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam.” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 88 (12): 5766–72. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2003-030604.

Leong, Darryl P., Koon K. Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Alvaro Avezum, Andres Orlandini, Pamela Seron, et al. 2015. “Prognostic Value of Grip Strength: Findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study.” The Lancet 386 (9990): 266–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6.

Forman, Davis A., Julianne Baarbé, Julian Daligadu, Bernadette Murphy, and Michael W.R. Holmes. 2016. “The Effects of Upper Limb Posture and a Sub-Maximal Gripping Task on Corticospinal Excitability to Muscles of the Forearm.” Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 27 (April): 95–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2016.02.005.

Celis-Morales, Carlos A., Donald M. Lyall, Lewis Steell, Stuart R. Gray, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Jana Anderson, Daniel F. Mackay, et al. 2018. “Associations of Discretionary Screen Time with Mortality, Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Are Attenuated by Strength, Fitness and Physical Activity: Findings from the UK Biobank Study.” BMC Medicine 16 (1): 77. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1063-1.

Prasitsiriphon, Orawan, and Wiraporn Pothisiri. 2018. “Associations of Grip Strength and Change in Grip Strength With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a European Older Population.” Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179546818771894.

Nofuji, Yu, Shoji Shinkai, Yu Taniguchi, Hidenori Amano, Mariko Nishi, Hiroshi Murayama, Yoshinori Fujiwara, and Takao Suzuki. 2016. “Associations of Walking Speed, Grip Strength, and Standing Balance With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in a General Population of Japanese Elders.” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 17 (2): 184.e1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2015.11.003.

Cooper, Rachel, Mai Stafford, Rebecca Hardy, Avan Aihie Sayer, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Cyrus Cooper, Leone Craig, et al. 2014. “Physical Capability and Subsequent Positive Mental Wellbeing in Older People: Findings from Five HALCyon Cohorts.” Age. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-013-9553-8.

Cheung, Ching Lung, Uyen Sa D T Nguyen, Eleanor Au, Kathryn C B Tan, and Annie W C Kung. 2013. “Association of Handgrip Strength with Chronic Diseases and Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study.” Age 35 (3): 929–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-012-9385-y.

Spruit, Martijn A., Maurice J H Sillen, Miriam T J Groenen, Emiel F M Wouters, and Frits M E Franssen. 2013. “New Normative Values for Handgrip Strength: Results from the Uk Biobank.” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 14 (10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.06.013.

Daly, Robin M, Bjorn E Rosengren, Gayani Alwis, Henrik G Ahlborg, Ingemar Sernbo, and Magnus K Karlsson. 2013. “Gender Specific Age-Related Changes in Bone Density, Muscle Strength and Functional Performance in the Elderly: A-10 Year Prospective Population-Based Study.” BMC Geriatrics 13 (1): 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-13-71.

Peterson, Mark D., Ryan McGrath, Peng Zhang, Kyriakos S. Markides, Soham Al Snih, and Rebeca Wong. 2016. “Muscle Weakness Is Associated With Diabetes in Older Mexicans: The Mexican Health and Aging Study.” Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 17 (10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.06.007.

Rowe, Rebecca, Javaid Iqbal, Rachel Murali-Krishnan, Ayyaz Sultan, Rachel Orme, Norman Briffa, Martin Denvir, and Julian Gunn. 2014. “Role of Frailty Assessment in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Interventions.” Open Heart 1 (1): e000033. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2013-000033.

Bohannon, Richard W. 2015. “Muscle Strength.” Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 18 (5): 465–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000202.

Daphnee, D. K., Sheila John, Anil Vaidya, Anand Khakhar, S. Bhuvaneshwari, and Anand Ramamurthy. 2017. “Hand Grip Strength: A Reliable, Reproducible, Cost-Effective Tool to Assess the Nutritional Status and Outcomes of Cirrhotics Awaiting Liver Transplant.” Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.01.011.

Beyer, Sebastian E., Mihir M. Sanghvi, Nay Aung, Alice Hosking, Jackie A. Cooper, José Miguel Paiva, Aaron M. Lee, et al. 2018. “Prospective Association between Handgrip Strength and Cardiac Structure and Function in UK Adults.” PLoS ONE 13 (3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193124.

White, Ciara, Kimberley Dixon, Dinesh Samuel, and Maria Stokes. 2013. “Handgrip and Quadriceps Muscle Endurance Testing in Young Adults.” SpringerPlus 2 (1): 451. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-451.

Auyeung, Tung Wai, Shun Wah Jenny Lee, Jason Leung, Timothy Kwok, and Jean Woo. 2014. “Age-Associated Decline of Muscle Mass, Grip Strength and Gait Speed: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study of 3018 Community-Dwelling Older Chinese.” Geriatrics and Gerontology International 14 (SUPPL.1): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12213.

Fragala, Maren S., Dawn E. Alley, Michelle D. Shardell, Tamara B. Harris, Robert R. McLean, Douglas P. Kiel, Peggy M. Cawthon, et al. 2016. “Comparison of Handgrip and Leg Extension Strength in Predicting Slow Gait Speed in Older Adults.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 64 (1): 144–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13871.

Arvandi, Marjan, Barbara Strasser, Christa Meisinger, Konstantinos Volaklis, Raffaella Matteucci Gothe, Uwe Siebert, Karl Heinz Ladwig, et al. 2016. “Gender Differences in the Association between Grip Strength and Mortality in Older Adults: Results from the KORA-Age Study.” BMC Geriatrics 16 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-016-0381-4.

Sasaki, Hideo, Fumiyoshi Kasagi, Michiko Yamada, and Shoichiro Fujita. 2007. “Grip Strength Predicts Cause-Specific Mortality in Middle-Aged and Elderly Persons.” The American Journal of Medicine 120 (4): 337–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.04.018.

Chainani, Vinod, Sameer Shaharyar, Kairavee Dave, Vivek Choksi, Sharmila Ravindranathan, Ram Hanno, Omar Jamal, Abir Abdo, and Nidal Abi Rafeh. 2016. “Objective Measures of the Frailty Syndrome (Hand Grip Strength and Gait Speed) and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review.” International Journal of Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.068.

Hardy, Rebecca, Rachel Cooper, Avan Aihie Sayer, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Cyrus Cooper, Ian J. Deary, Panayotes Demakakos, et al. 2013. “Body Mass Index, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Older Adults from Eight Cohort Studies: The HALCyon Programme.” PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056483.

Jung, Songee, N. Yabushita, M. Kim, S. Seino, M. Nemoto, Y. Osuka, Y. Okubo, R. Figueroa, and K. Tanaka. 2016. “Obesity and Muscle Weakness as Risk Factors for Mobility Limitation in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Women: A Two-Year Follow-up Investigation.” Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging 20 (1): 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0672-7.

Kovarik, Miroslav, Vera Joskova, Anna Patkova, Vladimir Koblizek, Zdenek Zadak, and Miloslav Hronek. 2017. “Hand Grip Endurance Test Relates to Clinical State and Prognosis in COPD Patients Better than 6-Minute Walk Test Distance.” International Journal of COPD 12. https://doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S144566.

Guadalupe-Grau, Amelia, José A. Carnicero, Alba Gómez-Cabello, Gonzalo Gutiérrez Avila, Sonia Humanes, Luis M. Alegre, Marta Castro, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas, and Francisco José García-García. 2015. “Association of Regional Muscle Strength with Mortality and Hospitalisation in Older People.” Age and Ageing 44 (5): 790–95. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afv080.

Celis-Morales, Carlos A., Fanny Petermann, Li Hui, Donald M. Lyall, Stamatina Iliodromiti, James McLaren, Jana Anderson, et al. 2017. “Associations between Diabetes and Both Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality Are Modified by Grip Strength: Evidence from UK Biobank, a Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study.” Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc17-0921.

Sundermann, S., A. Dademasch, A. Rastan, J. Praetorius, H. Rodriguez, T. Walther, F.-W. Mohr, and V. Falk. 2011. “One-Year Follow-up of Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery Assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of Frailty Test and Its Simplified Form.” Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 13 (2): 119–23. https://doi.org/10.1510/icvts.2010.251884.

Puhan, Milo A., Lara Siebeling, Marco Zoller, Patrick Muggensturm, and Gerben Ter Riet. 2013. “Simple Functional Performance Tests and Mortality in COPD.” European Respiratory Journal 42 (4): 956–63. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00131612.

Health, J Nutr. n.d. “Muscle Weakness and Physical Disability in Older Americans.” Accessed August 26, 2018. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5967d35f9de4bb164aaa3c57/t/59ad5eadd482e948b59345d5/1504534212386/Muscle+weakness+and+physical+disability+in+older+Americans.

Cooper, Rachel, Diana Kuh, Cyrus Cooper, Catharine R. Gale, Debbie A. Lawlor, Fiona Matthews, and Rebecca Hardy. 2011. “Objective Measures of Physical Capability and Subsequent Health: A Systematic Review.” Age and Ageing 40 (1): 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afq117.

Manini, Todd M., and Brian C. Clark. 2012. “Dynapenia and Aging: An Update.” Journals of Gerontology – Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 67 A (1): 28–40. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glr010.

Correa-De-Araujo, R. 2014. “New Criteria for Clinically Relevant Weakness and Low Muscle Mass (LMM) in Older Women.” Journal of Women’s Health. https://doi.org/eur365 [pii]r10.1093/europace/eur365.

FitzGerald, Shannon J., Carolyn E. Barlow, James B. Kampert, James R. Morrow, Allen W. Jackson, and Steven N. Blair. 2004. “Muscular Fitness and All-Cause Mortality: Prospective Observations.” Journal of Physical Activity and Health 1 (1): 7–18. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.1.1.7.

Peterson, Mark D., Paul M. Gordon, Sonja Smeding, and Paul Visich. 2018. “Grip Strength Is Associated with Longitudinal Health Maintenance and Improvement in Adolescents.” Journal of Pediatrics 202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.07.020.

Bohannon, Richard W. 2008. “Hand-Grip Dynamometry Predicts Future Outcomes in Aging Adults.” Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy 31 (February 2008): 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200831010-00002.

Peterson, Mark D., Peng Zhang, Kate A. Duchowny, Kyriakos S. Markides, Kenneth J. Ottenbacher, and Soham Al Snih. 2016. “Declines in Strength and Mortality Risk among Older Mexican Americans: Joint Modeling of Survival and Longitudinal Data.” Journals of Gerontology – Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 71 (12): 1646–52. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw051.

Ramlagan, Shandir, Karl Peltzer, and Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya. 2014. “Hand Grip Strength and Associated Factors in Non-Institutionalised Men and Women 50 Years and Older in South Africa.” BMC Research Notes 7 (1): 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-8.

Tanimoto, Yoshimi, Misuzu Watanabe, Wei Sun, Yumiko Sugiura, Yuko Tsuda, Motoshi Kimura, Itsushi Hayashida, Toshiyuki Kusabiraki, and Koichi Kono. 2012. “Association between Sarcopenia and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Daily Living in Community-Dwelling Elderly Subjects in Japan.” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 55 (2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.06.015.

Dodds, R., and A. A. Sayer. 2015. “Sarcopenia and Frailty: New Challenges for Clinical Practice.” Clinical Medicine 15 (Suppl_6): s88–91. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.15-6-s88.

Menéndez-Colino, Rocío, Teresa Alarcon, Pilar Gotor, Rocío Queipo, Raquel Ramírez-Martín, Angel Otero, and Juan I. González-Montalvo. 2018. “Baseline and Pre-Operative 1-Year Mortality Risk Factors in a Cohort of 509 Hip Fracture Patients Consecutively Admitted to a Co-Managed Orthogeriatric Unit (FONDA Cohort).” Injury 49 (3): 656–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2018.01.003.

Bohannon, Richard W. 2019. “Grip Strength: An Indispensable Biomarker For Older Adults.” Clinical Interventions in Aging 14: 1681. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S194543.

Ouden, Marjolein E.M. Den, Marieke J. Schuurmans, Judith S. Brand, Ilse E.M.A. Arts, Sigrid Mueller-Schotte, and Yvonne T. Van Der Schouw. 2013. “Physical Functioning Is Related to Both an Impaired Physical Ability and ADL Disability: A Ten Year Follow-up Study in Middle-Aged and Older Persons.” Maturitas 74 (1): 89–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.10.011.

Matos, Cácia Mendes, Luciana Ferreira Silva, Ludmilla Dias Santana, Larissa S. Santos, Bruno M. Protásio, Mateus Teixeira Rocha, Vanessa Lima Ferreira, et al. 2014. “Handgrip Strength at Baseline and Mortality Risk in a Cohort of Women and Men on Hemodialysis: A 4-Year Study.” Journal of Renal Nutrition 24 (3): 157–62. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2013.12.005.

Buchman, Aron S., Robert S. Wilson, Patricia A. Boyle, Julia L. Bienias, and David A. Bennett. 2007. “Grip Strength and the Risk of Incident Alzheimer’s Disease.” Neuroepidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1159/000109498.

Sayer, Avan Aihie, and Thomas B.L. Kirkwood. 2015. “Grip Strength and Mortality: A Biomarker of Ageing?” The Lancet 386 (9990): 226–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62349-7.

Granic, Antoneta, Karen Davies, Carol Jagger, Thomas B.L. Kirkwood, Holly E. Syddall, and Avan A. Sayer. 2016. “Grip Strength Decline and Its Determinants in the Very Old: Longitudinal Findings from the Newcastle 85+ Study.” PLoS ONE 11 (9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163183.

Rantanen, T, J M Guralnik, D Foley, K Masaki, S Leveille, J D Curb, and L White. 1999. “Midlife Hand Grip Strength as a Predictor of Old Age Disability.” JAMA 281 (6): 558–60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10022113.

Savino, Elisabetta, Emilio Martini, Fulvio Lauretani, Giulio Pioli, Anna Maria Zagatti, Carlo Frondini, Francesca Pellicciotti, et al. 2013. “Handgrip Strength Predicts Persistent Walking Recovery after Hip Fracture Surgery.” American Journal of Medicine 126 (12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.04.017.

Fernández-Carnero, Josue, Joshua A. Cleland, and Roy La Touche Arbizu. 2011. “Examination of Motor and Hypoalgesic Effects of Cervical vs Thoracic Spine Manipulation in Patients with Lateral Epicondylalgia: A Clinical Trial.” Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 34 (7): 432–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2011.05.019.

Kim, Youngwon, Katrien Wijndaele, Duck-chul Lee, Stephen J. Sharp, Nick Wareham, and Soren Brage. 2017. “Independent and Joint Associations of Grip Strength and Adiposity with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in 403,199 Adults: The UK Biobank Study.” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, August, ajcn156851. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.117.156851.

Harris-Love, Michael, Kimberly Benson, Erin Leasure, Bernadette Adams, and Valerie McIntosh. 2018. “The Influence of Upper and Lower Extremity Strength on Performance-Based Sarcopenia Assessment Tests.” Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 3 (4): 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk3040053.

Cooper, R., B. H. Strand, R. Hardy, K. V. Patel, and D. Kuh. 2014. “Physical Capability in Mid-Life and Survival over 13 Years of Follow-up: British Birth Cohort Study.” Bmj 348 (apr28 7): g2219–g2219. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g2219.

Celis-Morales, Carlos A., Paul Welsh, Donald M. Lyall, Lewis Steell, Fanny Petermann, Jana Anderson, Stamatina Iliodromiti, et al. 2018. “Associations of Grip Strength with Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Cancer Outcomes and All Cause Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study of Half a Million UK Biobank Participants.” BMJ 361 (May): k1651. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJ.K1651.

Lino, Valéria Teresa Saraiva, Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Rodrigues, Gisele O’Dwyer, Mônica Kramer De Noronha Andrade, Inês Echenique Mattos, and Margareth Crisóstomo Portela. 2016. “Handgrip Strength and Factors Associated in Poor Elderly Assisted at a Primary Care Unit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.” PLoS ONE 11 (11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166373.

Felicio, Diogo Carvalho, Daniele Sirineu Pereira, Alexandra Miranda Assumpção, Fabianna Resende de Jesus-Moraleida, Barbara Zille de Queiroz, Juscelio Pereira da Silva, Naysa Maciel de Brito Rosa, João Marcos Domingues Dias, and Leani Souza Máximo Pereira. 2014. “Poor Correlation between Handgrip Strength and Isokinetic Performance of Knee Flexor and Extensor Muscles in Community-Dwelling Elderly Women.” Geriatrics and Gerontology International 14 (1): 185–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12077.

Garc??a-Pe??a, Carmen, Luis C. Garc??a-Fabela, Luis M. Guti??rrez-Robledo, Jose J. Garc??a-Gonz??lez, Victoria E. Arango-Lopera, and Mario U. P??rez-Zepeda. 2013. “Handgrip Strength Predicts Functional Decline at Discharge in Hospitalized Male Elderly: A Hospital Cohort Study.” PLoS ONE 8 (7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069849.

Dodds, Richard M., Holly E. Syddall, Rachel Cooper, Diana Kuh, Cyrus Cooper, and Avan Aihie Sayer. 2016. “Global Variation in Grip Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Normative Data.” Age and Ageing 45 (2). https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afv192.

Bohannon, Richard W. 2015. “Muscle Strength: Clinical and Prognostic Value of Hand-Grip Dynamometry.” Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000202.

Tanimoto, Yoshimi, Misuzu Watanabe, Wei Sun, Yumiko Sugiura, Itsushi Hayashida, Toshiyuki Kusabiraki, and Junko Tamaki. 2014. “Sarcopenia and Falls in Community-Dwelling Elderly Subjects in Japan: Defining Sarcopenia According to Criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 59 (2): 295–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2014.04.016.

Leong, Darryl P., Koon K. Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, V. Raman Kutty, Fernando Lanas, Chen Hui, Xiang Quanyong, et al. 2016. “Reference Ranges of Handgrip Strength from 125,462 Healthy Adults in 21 Countries: A Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiologic (PURE) Study.” Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle 7 (5): 535–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12112.

Noven, Marnie L. Vanden, Hugo M. Pereira, Tejin Yoon, Alyssa A. Stevens, Kristy A. Nielson, and Sandra K. Hunter. 2014. “Motor Variability during Sustained Contractions Increases with Cognitive Demand in Older Adults.” Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 6 (MAY): 97. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00097.

Legrand, D., W. Adriaensen, B. Vaes, C. Matheï, P. Wallemacq, and J. Degryse. 2013. “The Relationship between Grip Strength and Muscle Mass (MM), Inflammatory Biomarkers and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Very Old Persons.” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 57 (3): 345–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2013.06.003.

Keevil, Victoria, Rizah Mazzuin Razali, Ai Vyrn Chin, Karen Jameson, Avan Aihie Sayer, and Helen Roberts. 2013. “Grip Strength in a Cohort of Older Medical Inpatients in Malaysia: A Pilot Study to Describe the Range, Determinants and Association with Length of Hospital Stay.” Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 56 (1): 155–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.10.005.

Li, Joule J., Gary A. Wittert, Andrew Vincent, Evan Atlantis, Zumin Shi, Sarah L. Appleton, Catherine L. Hill, Alicia J. Jenkins, Andrzej S. Januszewski, and Robert J. Adams. 2016. “Muscle Grip Strength Predicts Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Population-Based Cohort Study.” Metabolism 65 (6): 883–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2016.03.011.

Eckman, Molly, Christopher Gigliotti, Staci Sutermaster, Peter J. Butler, and Khanjan Mehta. 2016. “Using Handgrip Strength to Screen for Diabetes in Developing Countries.” Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology 40 (1). https://doi.org/10.3109/03091902.2015.1112855.

Pinter, Daniela, Stuart J. Ritchie, Thomas Gattringer, Mark E. Bastin, Maria del C. Valdés Hernández, Janie Corley, Susana Muñoz Maniega, et al. 2018. “Predictors of Gait Speed and Its Change over Three Years in Community-Dwelling Older People.” Aging 10 (1): 144–53. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101365.

Ortega, Francisco B., Karri Silventoinen, Per Tynelius, and Finn Rasmussen. 2012. “Muscular Strength in Male Adolescents and Premature Death: Cohort Study of One Million Participants.” BMJ (Online) 345 (7884): e7279. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e7279.

Stessman, Jochanan, Yakir Rottenberg, Matan Fischer, Aliza Hammerman-Rozenberg, and Jeremy M. Jacobs. 2017. “Handgrip Strength in Old and Very Old Adults: Mood, Cognition, Function, and Mortality.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 65 (3). https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14509.

Katzmarzyk, Peter T., and Cora L. Craig. 2002. “Musculoskeletal Fitness and Risk of Mortality.” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 34 (5): 740–44. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200205000-00002.

Nations, S. P., P. J. Boyer, L. A. Love, M. F. Burritt, J. A. Butz, G. I. Wolfe, L. S. Hynan, J. Reisch, and J. R. Trivedi. 2008. “Denture Cream: An Unusual Source of Excess Zinc, Leading to Hypocupremia and Neurologic Disease.” Neurology 71 (9): 639–43. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000312375.79881.94.

Timpka, Simon, Ingemar F Petersson, Caddie Zhou, and Martin Englund. 2014. “Muscle Strength in Adolescent Men and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events and Mortality in Middle Age: A Prospective Cohort Study.” BMC Medicine 12 (1): 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-12-62.

Han, Der-Sheng, Ke-Vin Chang, Chia-Ming Li, Yu-Hong Lin, Tung-Wei Kao, Keh-Sung Tsai, Tyng-Grey Wang, and Wei-Shiung Yang. 2016. “Skeletal Muscle Mass Adjusted by Height Correlated Better with Muscular Functions than That Adjusted by Body Weight in Defining Sarcopenia.” Scientific Reports 6 (1): 19457. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19457.

Bohannon, Richard W., and Susan Magasi. 2015. “Identification of Dynapenia in Older Adults through the Use of Grip Strength T-Scores.” Muscle and Nerve 51 (1): 102–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.24264.

Syddall, Holly Emma, Leo David Westbury, Richard Dodds, Elaine Dennison, Cyrus Cooper, and Avan Aihie Sayer. 2017. “Mortality in the Hertfordshire Ageing Study: Association with Level and Loss of Hand Grip Strength in Later Life.” Age and Ageing 46 (3). https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afw222.

Fox, Benjamin, Tim Henwood, Laura Schaap, Olivier Bruyère, Jean-Yves Reginster, Charlotte Beaudart, Fanny Buckinx, et al. 2015. “Adherence to a Standardized Protocol for Measuring Grip Strength and Appropriate Cut-off Values in Adults over 65 Years with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review Protocol.” JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports 13 (10): 50–59. https://doi.org/10.11124/jbisrir-2015-2256.

Xu, Bang Yu, Shi Yan, Lian Leng Low, Farhad Fakhrudin Vasanwala, and Sher Guan Low. 2019. “Predictors of Poor Functional Outcomes and Mortality in Patients with Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review.” BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. BioMed Central Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-019-2950-0.

Oksuzyan, Anna, Panayotes Demakakos, Maria Shkolnikova, Mikael Thinggaard, James W. Vaupel, Kaare Christensen, and Vladimir M. Shkolnikov. 2017. “Handgrip Strength and Its Prognostic Value for Mortality in Moscow, Denmark, and England.” PLoS ONE 12 (9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182684.

Strand, Bjørn Heine, Rachel Cooper, Astrid Bergland, Lone Jørgensen, Henrik Schirmer, Vegard Skirbekk, and Nina Emaus. 2016. “The Association of Grip Strength from Midlife Onwards with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality over 17 Years of Follow-up in the TromsøStudy.” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 70 (12): 1214–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2015-206776.

Cooper, Rachel, Diana Kuh, Rebecca Hardy, Mortality Review Mortality Review Group, and FALCon and HALCyon Study Teams. 2010. “Objectively Measured Physical Capability Levels and Mortality: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) 341 (7): c4467. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c4467.

Efstathiou, I. D., I. P. Mavrou, and K. E. Grigoriadis. 2016. “Correlation Between Maximum Inspiratory Pressure and Hand-Grip Force in Healthy Young and Middle-Age Individuals.” Respiratory Care 61 (7). https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.04319.

Harvey, Nicholas C., Anders Odén, Eric Orwoll, Jodi Lapidus, Timothy Kwok, Magnus K. Karlsson, Björn E. Rosengren, et al. 2018. “Measures of Physical Performance and Muscle Strength as Predictors of Fracture Risk Independent of FRAX, Falls, and ABMD: A Meta-Analysis of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study.” Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, August. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3556.

Martín-Ponce, Esther, Iván Hernández-Betancor, Emilio González-Reimers, Rubén Hernández-Luis, Antonio Martínez-Riera, and Francisco Santolaria. 2015. “Prognostic Value of Physical Function Tests: Hand Grip Strength and Six-Minute Walking Test in Elderly Hospitalized Patients.” Scientific Reports 4 (1): 7530. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep07530.

Kishimoto, Hiro, Jun Hata, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Hajnalka Nemeth, Yoichiro Hirakawa, Daigo Yoshida, Shuzo Kumagai, Takanari Kitazono, and Yutaka Kiyohara. 2014. “Midlife and Late-Life Handgrip Strength and Risk of Cause-Specific Death in a General Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study.” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 68 (7): 663–68. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2013-203611.

Monaco, Marco Di, Carlotta Castiglioni, Elena De Toma, Luisa Gardin, Silvia Giordano, Roberto Di Monaco, and Rosa Tappero. 2014. “Handgrip Strength but Not Appendicular Lean Mass Is an Independent Predictor of Functional Outcome in Hip-Fracture Women: A Short-Term Prospective Study.” Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 95 (9): 1719–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2014.04.003.

Rantanen, Taina, Stefano Volpato, MD Luigi Ferrucci, MD Eino Heikkinen, Linda P. Fried, and Jack M. Guralnik. 2003. “Handgrip Strength and Cause-Specific and Total Mortality in Older Disabled Women: Exploring the Mechanism.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 51 (5): 636–41. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0579.2003.00207.x.

Humphries, Kelley M., John Ward, Jesse Coats, Jeannique Nobert, William Amonette, and Stephen Dyess. 2013. “Immediate Effects of Lower Cervical Spine Manipulation on Handgrip Strength and Free-Throw Accuracy of Asymptomatic Basketball Players: A Pilot Study.” Journal of Chiropractic Medicine 12 (3): 153–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2013.10.008.

Laukkanen, P, E Heikkinen, and M Kauppinen. 1995. “Muscle Strength and Mobility as Predictors of Survival in 75-84-Year- Old People.” Age and Ageing 24 (6): 468–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/24.6.468.

Bassey, U, and Harries. 1993. “Normal Values for Handgrip Strength in 920 Men and Women Aged over 65 Years, and Longitudinal Changes over 4 Years in 620 Survivors.” Clinical Science 84 (3): 331–37. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0840331.

Lee, J. J., K. Waak, M. Grosse-Sundrup, F. Xue, J. Lee, D. Chipman, C. Ryan, E. A. Bittner, U. Schmidt, and M. Eikermann. 2012. “Global Muscle Strength But Not Grip Strength Predicts Mortality and Length of Stay in a General Population in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit.” Physical Therapy 92 (12): 1546–55. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20110403.

Oosting, Ellen, Thomas J Hoogeboom, Jaap J Dronkers, Marlieke Visser, Reinier P Akkermans, and Nico L U Van Meeteren. 2016. “The Influence of Muscle Weakness on the Association Between Obesity and Inpatient Recovery From Total Hip Arthroplasty.” The Journal of Arthroplasty. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2016.12.037.

Flood, Anna, Alexis Chung, Hayley Parker, Victoria Kearns, and Therese A. O’Sullivan. 2014. “The Use of Hand Grip Strength as a Predictor of Nutrition Status in Hospital Patients.” Clinical Nutrition 33 (1): 106–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2013.03.003.

Volaklis, K. A., M. Halle, B. Thorand, A. Peters, K. H. Ladwig, H. Schulz, W. Koenig, and C. Meisinger. 2016. “Handgrip Strength Is Inversely and Independently Associated with Multimorbidity among Older Women: Results from the KORA-Age Study.” European Journal of Internal Medicine 31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2016.04.001.

Artero, Enrique G., Duck-chul Lee, Carl J. Lavie, Vanesa España-Romero, Xuemei Sui, Timothy S. Church, and Steven N. Blair. 2012. “Effects of Muscular Strength on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Prognosis.” Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention 32 (6): 351–58. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0b013e3182642688.

Norman, Kristina, Nicole Stobäus, M. Cristina Gonzalez, Jörg Dieter Schulzke, and Matthias Pirlich. 2011. “Hand Grip Strength: Outcome Predictor and Marker of Nutritional Status.” Clinical Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2010.09.010.

Bodilsen, Ann Christine, Mette Merete Pedersen, Janne Petersen, Nina Beyer, Ove Andersen, Louise Lawson Smith, Henrik Kehlet, and Thomas Bandholm. 2013. “Acute Hospitalization of the Older Patient.” American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 92 (9): 789–96. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31828cd2b6.

Lawman, Hannah G., Richard P. Troiano, Frank M. Perna, Chia Yih Wang, Cheryl D. Fryar, and Cynthia L. Ogden. 2016. “Associations of Relative Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in U.S. Adults, 2011-2012.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.022.

Martinez, BP, IB Gomes, CS Oliveira, IR Ramos, MD Rocha, LA Forgiarini Jr, FW Camelier, and AA Camelier. 2015. “Accuracy of the Timed Up and Go Test for Predicting Sarcopenia in Elderly Hospitalized Patients.” Clinics 70 (5): 369–72. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2015(05)11.

Rijk, Joke M, Paul Rkm Roos, Laura Deckx, Marjan van den Akker, and Frank Buntinx. 2015. “Prognostic Value of Handgrip Strength in People Aged 60 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Geriatrics & Gerontology International, n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12508.

Rantanen, T, T Harris, S G Leveille, M Visser, D Foley, K Masaki, and J M Guralnik. 2000. “Muscle Strength and Body Mass Index as Long-Term Predictors of Mortality in Initially Healthy Men.” The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 55 (3): M168–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/55.3.M168.

Yorke, Amy M., Amy B. Curtis, Michael Shoemaker, and Eric Vangsnes. 2015. “Grip Strength Values Stratified by Age, Gender, and Chronic Disease Status in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older.” Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy 38 (3). https://doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0000000000000037.

Xue, Qian Li, Brock A. Beamer, Paulo H M Chaves, Jack M. Guralnik, and Linda P. Fried. 2010. “Heterogeneity in Rate of Decline in Grip, Hip, and Knee Strength and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality: The Women’s Health and Aging Study II.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 58 (11): 2076–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03154.x.

McGregor, Keith M., Joe R. Nocera, Atchar Sudhyadhom, Carolynn Patten, Todd M. Manini, Jeffrey A. Kleim, Bruce Crosson, and Andrew J. Butler. 2013. “Effects of Aerobic Fitness on Aging-Related Changes of Interhemispheric Inhibition and Motor Performance.” Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 5 (OCT): 66. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2013.00066.

Ali, Naeem A., James M. O’Brien, Stephen P. Hoffmann, Gary Phillips, Allan Garland, James C W Finley, Khalid Aimoosa, et al. 2008. “Acquired Weakness, Handgrip Strength, and Mortality in Critically III Patients.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 178 (3): 261–68. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200712-1829OC.

Isaia, Gianluca, Francesca Greppi, Alessandra Pastorino, Erika Maria Bersano, Sokol Rrodhe, Nicoletta Aimonino Ricauda, Mario Bo, Katia Molinar Roet, and Mauro Zanocchi. 2013. “Predictive Effects of Muscle Strength after Hospitalization in Old Patients.” Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 25 (6): 633–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-013-0162-2.

Duchowny, Kate A., Mark D. Peterson, and Philippa J. Clarke. 2017. “Cut Points for Clinical Muscle Weakness Among Older Americans.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 53 (1): 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.022.

 

Leave a Reply